Chapter 51

Lao Tzu

道生之,德畜之,物形之,势成之。是以万物莫不尊道而贵德。道之尊,德之贵,夫莫之命而常自然。故道生之,德畜之,长之育之,亭之毒之;养之覆之。生而不有,为而不恃,长而不宰,是谓玄德。

Lau

The way gives them life;

Virtue rears them;

Things give them shape;

Circumstances bring them to maturity.

Therefore the myriad creatures all revere the way and honor virtue.

Yet the way is revered and virtue honored not because this is decreedby any authority but because it is natural for them to be treated so.

Thus the way gives them life and rears them;

Brings them up and nurses them;

Brings them to fruition and maturity;

Feeds and shelters them.

It gives them life yet claims no possession;

It benefits them yet exacts no gratitude;

It is the steward yet exercises no authority.

Such is called the mysterious virtue.

Waley

Tao gave them birth;

The “power” of Tao reared them,

Shaped them according to their kinds,

Perfected them, giving to each its strength.

Therefore of the ten thousand things there is not one that does not worship Tao and do homage to its “power”. No mandate ever went forth that accorded to Tao the right to be worshipped, nor to its “power” the right to be worshipped, nor to its “power” the right to receive homage.

It was always and of itself so.

Therefore as Tao bore them and the “power” of Tao reared them, made them grow, fostered them, harboured them, brewed for them, so you must

Rear them, but not lay claim to them,

Control them, but never lean upon them,

Be chief among them, but not manage them.

This is called the mysterious power.”

James Legge

All things are produced by the Dao, and nourished by its outflowing operation. They receive their forms according to the nature of each, and are completed according to the circumstances of their condition. Therefore all things without exception honour the Dao, and exalt its outflowing operation. This honouring of the Dao and exalting of its operation is not the result of any ordination, but always a spontaneous tribute. Thus it is that the Dao produces (all things), nourishes them, brings them to their full growth, nurses them, completes them, matures them, maintains them, and overspreads them. It produces them and makes no claim to the possession of them; it carries them through their processes and does not vaunt its ability in doing so; it brings them to maturity and exercises no control over them; - this is called its mysterious operation.

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Primal Virtue | Tao Te Ching Chapter 51 Explained