Chapter 55

Lao Tzu

含德之厚,比于赤子。毒虫不螫,猛兽不据,攫鸟不搏。骨弱筋柔而握固。未知牝牡之合而朘作,精之至也。终日号而不嗄,和之至也。知和曰"常",知常曰"明",益生曰祥,心使气曰强⑾。物壮⑿则老,谓之不道,不道早已。

Lau

One who possesses virtue in abundance is comparable to a new born babe:

Poisonous insects will not sting it;

Ferocious animals will not pounce on it;

Predatory birds will not swoop down on it.

Its bones are weak and its sinews supple yet its hold is firm.

It does not know the union of male and female yet its male member willstir:

This is because its virility is at its height.

It howls all day yet does not become hoarse:

This is because its harmony is at its height.

To know harmony is called the constant;

To know the constant is called discernment.

To try to add to one's vitality is called ill-omened;

For the mind to egg on the breath is called violent.

A creature in its prime doing harm to the old

Is known as going against the way.

That which goes against the way will come to an early end.

Waley

The impunity of things fraught with the “power”

May be likened to that of an infant.

Poisonous insects do not sting it,

Nor fierce beasts seize it,

Nor clawing birds maul it,

Its bones are soft, its sinews weak; but its grip is strong.

Not yet to have known the union of male and female, but to be completely formed,

Means that the vital force is at its height;

To be able to scream all day without getting hoarse

Means that the harmony is at its perfection.

To understand such harmony is to understand the always so.

To understand the always-so is to be illumined.

But to fill life to the brim is to invite omens.

If the heart makes calls upon the life-breath, rigidity follows.

Whatever has a time of vigour also has a time of decay.

Such things are against Tao,

And whatever is against Tao is soon destroyed.

James Legge

He who has in himself abundantly the attributes (of the Dao) is like an infant. Poisonous insects will not sting him; fierce beasts will not seize him; birds of prey will not strike him. (The infant's) bones are weak and its sinews soft, but yet its grasp is firm. It knows not yet the union of male and female, and yet its virile member may be excited; - showing the perfection of its physical essence. All day long it will cry without its throat becoming hoarse; - showing the harmony (in its constitution).

To him by whom this harmony is known, (The secret of) the unchanging (Dao) is shown, And in the knowledge wisdom finds its throne. All life-increasing arts to evil turn; Where the mind makes the vital breath to burn, (False) is the strength, (and o'er it we should mourn.)

When things have become strong, they (then) become old, which may be said to be contrary to the Dao. Whatever is contrary to the Dao soon ends.

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