Book 15 · 迎敌祠 · Chapter 50
敌以东方来，迎之东坛，坛高八尺，堂密八。年八十者八人，主祭青旗。青神长八尺者八，弩八，八发而止。将服必青，其牲以鸡。敌以南方来，迎之南坛，坛高七尺，堂密七，年七十者七人，主祭赤旗，赤神长七尺者七。弩七，七发而止。将服必赤，其牲以狗。敌以西方来，迎之西坛，坛高九尺，堂密九。年九十者九人，主祭白旗。素神长九尺者九，弩九，九发而止。将服必白，其牲以羊。敌以北方来，迎之北坛，坛高六尺，堂密六。年六十者六人主祭黑旗。黑神长六尺者六，弩六，六发而止。将服必黑，其牲以彘。从外宅诸名大祠，灵巫或祷焉，给祷牲。
When the enemy comes from the east, meet him at the eastern altar. The altar is to be eight chi high, and the hall eight [chi] in depth. Let there be eight men eighty years of age, who preside over the sacrifice with a green banner. The green spirit-figures, eight chi tall, shall number eight; the crossbows shall number eight, and they cease after eight shots. The general's robes must be green, and the sacrificial victim shall be a cock. When the enemy comes from the south, meet him at the southern altar. The altar is to be seven chi high, and the hall seven [chi] in depth. Let there be seven men seventy years of age, who preside over the sacrifice with a red banner; the red spirit-figures, seven chi tall, shall number seven. The crossbows shall number seven, and they cease after seven shots. The general's robes must be red, and the sacrificial victim shall be a dog. When the enemy comes from the west, meet him at the western altar. The altar is to be nine chi high, and the hall nine [chi] in depth. Let there be nine men ninety years of age, who preside over the sacrifice with a white banner. The white spirit-figures, nine chi tall, shall number nine; the crossbows shall number nine, and they cease after nine shots. The general's robes must be white, and the sacrificial victim shall be a sheep. When the enemy comes from the north, meet him at the northern altar. The altar is to be six chi high, and the hall six [chi] in depth. Let there be six men sixty years of age, who preside over the sacrifice with a black banner. The black spirit-figures, six chi tall, shall number six; the crossbows shall number six, and they cease after six shots. The general's robes must be black, and the sacrificial victim shall be a pig. At all the great sacrifices held under their several names at the outer dwellings, let the spirit-mediums make their prayers and supply the victims for the prayers.
凡望气，有大将气，有小将气，有往气，有来气，有败气，能得明此者可知成败、吉凶。举巫、医、卜有所，长具药，宫之，善为舍。巫必近公社，必敬神之。巫卜以请守，守独智巫卜望气之请而已。其出入为流言，惊骇恐吏民，谨微察之，断，罪不赦。望气舍近守官。牧贤大夫及有方技者若工，弟之。举屠、酤者置厨给事，弟之。
In general, in observing the vapors [for omens], there is the vapor of a great general, the vapor of a lesser general, the vapor of advance, the vapor of retreat, and the vapor of defeat. He who is able to discern these clearly can know success and failure, good fortune and ill. Appoint spirit-mediums, physicians, and diviners to a fixed place; let them keep a full store of medicines; house them in a building, and provide them with good quarters. The spirit-mediums must be near the public altar of the soil, and must reverence the spirits. The mediums and diviners shall report to the defending commander, but the commander alone shall know the true import of what the mediums, diviners, and vapor-observers report. If any of them go in and out spreading rumors, alarming and frightening the officials and the people, watch them closely and minutely, and execute them; the crime is not to be pardoned. The quarters of the vapor-observers shall be near the office of the commander. Take charge of worthy great officers and those possessed of arts and skills, such as artisans, and rank them in order. Appoint butchers and sellers of wine to manage the kitchen and serve, and rank them in order.
凡守城之法，县师受事，出葆，循沟防，筑荐通涂，修城。百官共财，百工即事，司马视城修卒伍。设守门，二人掌右阉，二人掌左阉，四人掌闭，百甲坐之。城上步一甲、一戟，其赞三人。五步有五长，十步有什长，百步有百长，旁有大率，中有大将，皆有司吏卒长。城上当阶，有司守之，移中中处泽急而奏之。士皆有职。城之外，矢之所遝，坏其墙，无以为客菌。三十里之内，薪、蒸、水皆入内。狗、彘、豚、鸡食其肉，敛其骸以为醢腹，病者以起。城之内薪蒸庐室，矢之所遝皆为之涂菌。令命昏纬狗纂马，掔纬。静夜闻鼓声而噪，所以阉客之气也，所以固民之意也，故时噪则民不疾矣。
In general, the method of defending a city is as follows. The district commander receives his charge, sends out the protective works, patrols the moats and dikes, builds up the matting and clears the roads, and repairs the city walls. The hundred officials together provide the materials, the hundred artisans set about their tasks, and the marshal inspects the city's repair and the ranks of the troops. Set guards at the gate: two to take charge of the right leaf, two to take charge of the left leaf, four to take charge of closing it, with a hundred armored men stationed there. On the wall, for every pace there shall be one armored man and one halberd, with three assistants to them. Every five paces there is a leader of five, every ten paces a leader of ten, every hundred paces a leader of a hundred; on the flanks there is a grand commander, and in the center the grand general; all have their officials and squad-leaders of troops. On the wall, at the steps, an officer guards them, and reports promptly to the center [command] whatever within is in urgent disorder. Every soldier has his appointed duty. Outside the wall, within the range of the arrows' reach, tear down the walls [there], so as to leave the enemy no cover. Within thirty li, firewood, kindling, and water are all to be brought inside. Of dogs, pigs, sucklings, and fowls, eat their flesh, and gather their bones to make a meat-paste; the sick are thereby restored. Within the city, the firewood, kindling, huts, and chambers within the arrows' reach are all to be plastered with mud. Command that at dusk the dogs be tied up and the horses tethered, bound fast with cords. In the still of night, on hearing the drum, let them raise a clamor; this is the means of smothering the enemy's spirit and of steadying the resolve of the people. Therefore, when they clamor at the proper times, the people will not fall into sickness [of fear].
祝、史乃告于四望、山川、社稷，先于戎，乃退。公素服誓于太庙，曰：“其人为不道，不修义详，唯乃是王，曰：予必怀亡尔社稷，灭尔百姓。二三子夙夜自厉，以勤寡人，和心比力兼左右，各死而守。既誓，公乃退食。舍于中太庙之右，祝、史舍于社。百官具御，乃斗鼓于门，右置旗，左置旌于隅练名。射参发，告胜，五兵咸备，乃下，出挨，升望我郊。乃命鼓，俄升，役司马射自门右，蓬矢射之，茅参发，弓弩继之，校自门左，先以挥，木石继之。祝、史、宗人告社，覆之以甑。
The invocator and the recorder then make announcement to the four objects of distant sacrifice, to the mountains and rivers, and to the altars of soil and grain, doing so before [taking up] arms, and then they withdraw. The duke, in plain undyed garments, takes an oath in the Grand Temple, saying: "That man acts without principle, does not cultivate righteousness and good faith, and presumes only to make himself king. He says: 'I will surely lay waste your altars of soil and grain and destroy your common people.' You, my several officers, exert yourselves morning and night, toil for my sake, unite your hearts and join your strength, bringing together those at your left and right, and let each die in defending [his post]." When the oath is finished, the duke withdraws to eat. He lodges to the right of the central Grand Temple; the invocator and recorder lodge at the altar of soil. The hundred officials are all in attendance. Then they beat the drums at the gate, set up a banner on the right and a pennant on the left at the corner, and inscribe the names on the practice-ground. They shoot three rounds and announce victory; when the five [kinds of] weapons are all in readiness, they descend, go out [to the field], and ascend to look upon our suburbs. Then the command to drum is given; presently they ascend. The marshal of corvée shoots from the right of the gate, loosing a fleabane arrow; after three reed [arrows], the bows and crossbows follow. The inspecting officer, from the left of the gate, first brandishes [the signal], and timber and stones follow after. The invocator, the recorder, and the master of the ancestral [rites] make announcement at the altar of soil, and cover it with an earthen pot.